NCERT Solutions Physics Class 11th: Download Chapters Free PDFs, Important Topics, Weightage

physics ncert solutions class 11th 2023

Vikash Kumar Vishwakarma
Updated on Aug 11, 2025 15:18 IST

By Vikash Kumar Vishwakarma

NCERT Solution Physics Class 11 is an important studying material. Students can use the Class 11 Physics NCERT Solution to prepare for their examinations. NCERT solutions comprises textbook exercise solutions and solved problems.

We know that Physics has both numerical and theoretical problems. Students need to remember all the important formulas to solve the numerical problem. Focusing on these issue the highly experienced subject matter experts have prepared NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics. In the Physics Class 11 NCERT solutions, experts have explained the theory and numerical problems in very basic way, for better understanding of students.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics is provided for all the chapters. Students can easily access them and prepare for the test. Also, it is informed that many entrance exam prepare the syllabus based on class 11 and 12 syllabus. So, students must focus on each and every concepts.

Important Related Links

NCERT Notes

NCERT Class 11 Notes

CBSE Class 11 Physics Notes

NCERT Class 12 Physics Notes

Table of content
  • NCERT Solutions For Chapter-wise Physics Class 11
  • NCERT Class XI Physics Chapters Overview
  • Class 11 Physics NCERT Solution: Unit-Wise Weightage
  • NCERT Physics Class 11th Solution PDF
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NCERT Class XI Physics Chapters Overview

Chapter 1: Units and Measurements

In order to measure physical quantities such as length, mass, and time, we need a standard measurement, which is known as the unit of that physical quantity. For example, the unit of length is metres. How many times this standard unit of length is contained within the length of the object is what is measured when finding the length of an object. A number accompanied by a unit expresses the result of a measurement of a physical quantity. Find below the topics covered in this chapter:

Exercise Topics Covered
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The International System of Units
1.3 Significant Figures
1.4 Dimensions of Physical Quantities
1.5 Dimensional Formulae and Dimensional Equations
1.6 Applications of Dimensional Analysis

Units and Measurements Class 11 Formulas

  • Displacement: [ Q ] = M a L b T c I d
  • Abslute error: Δ a = | a mean a i |
  • Relative error or (Fractional error): δ a = Δ a a mean
  • Percentage error: Percentage Error = δ a × 100 %
  • Product or Quotient: Δ Z Z = Δ A A + Δ B B
  • Sum or Diference: Δ Z = Δ A + Δ B
  • Power: Δ Z Z = n Δ A A

Chapter 2: Motion in a Straight Line

In Physics, motion is defined as the phenomenon in which an object experiences a shift in position over a particular period. Motion can be mathematically described in terms of several different factors, including displacement, distance, velocity, speed, acceleration, and time. Identifying the frame of reference to which an item is attached is necessary to observe motion. Motion is measured based on changes in the object's location about the frame of reference. In this chapter, we will learn about the motion of the objects in a straight line, it is also called rectilinear motion. See below the topics covered in the Chapter 2:

Exercise Topics Covered
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed
2.3 Acceleration
2.4 Kinematic Equations for Uniformly Accelerated Motion

Motion in a Straight Line Formulas

  • Displacement: Δ x = x 2 x 1
  • Instantaneous Velocity: v = d x d t
  • Average velovity: v avg = Δ x Δ t
  • Average acceleration: a avg = Δ v Δ t
  • First equation: v = u + a t
  • Second equation: s = u t + 1 2 a t 2
  • Third equation: v 2 = u 2 + 2 a s

Chapter 3: Motion in a Plane

When we speak of motion in a plane, we are speaking of motion in two dimensions since the plane is defined by two dimensions. Therefore, we should consider two axes, usually we consider X-axis and the Y-axis. This chapter includes topics like projectile motion, uniform circular motion etc. Here are the topics covered in this chapter:

Exercise Topics Covered
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Scalars and Vectors
3.3 Multiplication of Vectors by Real Numbers
3.4 Addition and Subtraction of Vectors – Graphical Method
3.5 Resolution of Vectors
3.6 Vector Addition – Analytical Method
3.7 Motion in a Plane
3.8 Motion in a Plane with Constant Acceleration
3.9 Projectile Motion
3.10 Uniform Circular Motion

Motion in a Plane Formulas

  • Position vector: r = x i ^ + y j ^ + z k ^
  • Velecity vector: v = d r d t = v x i ^ + v y j ^ + v z k ^
  • Accelaration vector: a = d v d t = a x i ^ + a y j ^ + a z k ^
  • Uniform Circular Motion
    • Centripetal Accelaration: a c = v 2 r
    • Centripetal force: F c = m v 2 r
  • Projectile motion 
    • Horizontal Range: R = v 0 2 sin 2 θ g
    • Time of Flight: T = 2 v 0 sin θ g
    • Maximum Height: H = v 0 2 sin 2 θ 2 g
    • Equation of Trajectory: y = x tan θ g x 2 2 v 0 2 cos 2 θ
  • Addition Vector
    • Resultant Vector: R = A + B
    • Magnitude of resultant vector: R = A 2 + B 2 + 2 A B cos θ
    • Direction of resultant vector: tan α = B sin θ A + B cos θ

Chapter 4: Laws of Motion

Sir Isaac Newton formulated the laws of motion, which explain the relation between the forces that act on the object and the changes caused by the force. The understanding of laws of motion is the foundation for Modern Physics. There are three laws of motion. See here the topics covered in the Law of Motion:

Exercise Topics Covered
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Aristotle's Fallacy
4.3 The Law of Inertia
4.4 Newton's First Law of Motion
4.5 Newton's Second Law of Motion
4.6 Newton's Third Law of Motion
4.7 Conservation of Momentum
4.8 Equilibrium of a Particle
4.9 Common Forces in Mechanics
4.10 Circular Motion
4.11 Solving Problems in Mechanics

Formulas for Law of Motions

  • Newton's Second Law: F = m a
  • Newton's Third Law: F 12 = F 21
  • Force Due to Gravity: F = m g
  • Normal Force
    • on horizontal surface: N = m g
    • On inclined plane: N = m g cos θ
    • Centripetal force: F c = m v 2 r
  • Frictional Force
    • Static friction: f s μ s N
    • Kinetic fricion: f k = μ k N
    • Tension in a string: T = m g

Chapter 5: Work, Energy, and Power

In physics, the term work has a precise definition. Work is the application of force, to move an object over a distance, in the direction of the applied force. There is a close relationship between work and energy. When an object is moved by the application of work, its energy changes. In essence, energy is the capacity to do work. Power is defined as the time rate at which work is done or energy is transferred. Find below the topics covered:

Exercise Topics Covered
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Notions of Work and Kinetic Energy: The Work-Energy Theorem
5.3 Work
5.4 Kinetic Energy
5.5 Work Done by a Variable Force
5.6 The Work-Energy Theorem for a Variable Force
5.7 The Concept of Potential Energy
5.8 The Conservation of Mechanical Energy
5.9 The Potential Energy of a Spring
5.10 Power
5.11 Collisions

Work, Energy and Power

  • Newton's Second Law: F = m a
  • Newton's Third Law: F 12 = F 21
  • Work Energy Theorem: W = Δ K = 1 2 m v f 2 1 2 m v i 2
  • Impulse: J = Δ p = F Δ t

Chapter 6: System of Particles and Rotational Motion

In physics, the system of particles is the sum of more than one specific particle. This chapter will focus on the motion of a system as a whole. The main concept here would be the centre of mass of a system of particles. See below the topics covered in this chapter:

Exercise Topics Covered
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Centre of Mass
6.3 Motion of Centre of Mass
6.4 Linear Momentum of a system of particles
6.5 Vector Product of Two Vectors
6.6 Angular Velocity and its Relation with Linear Velocity
6.7 Torque and Angular Momentum
6.8 Equilibrium of a Rigid Body
6.9 Moment of Inertia
6.10 Kinematics of Rotational Motion about a Fixed Axis
6.11 Dynamics of Rotational Motion About a Fixed Axis
6.12 Angular Momentum in case of Rotation About a Fixed Axis

Formulas for System of Particles and Rotational Motion

  • Centre of Mass
    • For a system of particles: R = m i r i m i
    • For a continous body: R = 1 M r d m
  • Moment of inertia: I = m i r i 2
  • Parallel axis theorem: I = I cm + M d 2
  • Perpendicular axis theorem: I z = I x + I y

Chapter 7: Gravitation

Gravitational force is the attractive force between two objects with mass. This force always pulls the masses towards each other and never pushes them apart, hence it is referred to as an attractive force. Gravitational force is explained using Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation. Here are the topics covered in this chapter:

Exercise Topics Covered
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Kepler's Laws
7.3 Universal Law of Gravitation
7.4 The Gravitational Constant
7.5 Acceleration Due to Gravity of the Earth
7.6 Acceleration Due to Gravity Below and Above the Surface of Earth
7.7 Gravitational Potential Energy
7.8 Escape Speed
7.9 Earth Satellites
7.10 Energy of an Orbiting Satellite

Formulas of Gravitation

  • Newton's Law of Gravitation: F = G m 1 m 2 r 2
  • Gravitational Field Strength: g = F m = G M r 2
  • Gravitational Potential Energy: U = G m 1 m 2 r
  • Gravitational Potential: V = G M r
  • Orbital Velocity: v e = 2 G M R
  • Escape Velocity: v e = 2 G M R
  • Acceleration due to gravity at a height hhh above the earth's surface: g h = g ( R R + h ) 2
  • Total energy of a satellite in orbit: E = G M m 2 r

Chapter 8: Mechanical Properties of Solids

Mechanical properties of solids explain the properties such as strength and resistance to deformation when a force is applied to solids. Strength is the ability to withstand the stress that is applied to the solid. Elasticity, plasticity, and strength are examples of mechanical properties. The following are the topics covered in this chapter:

Exercise Topics Covered
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Stress and Strain
8.3 Hooke's Law
8.4 Stress-Strain Curve
8.5 Elastic Moduli
8.6 Applications of Elastic Behaviour of Materials

Mechanical Properties of Solids Formula

  • Tensil Stress: σ = F A
  • Longitudinal Strain: ϵ = Δ L L
  • Young's Modulus: E = σ ϵ = F L A Δ L
  • Hooke's Law: σ = E ϵ
  • Shear Stress: τ = F A
  • Shear Modulus (Modulus Rigidity): G = τ γ
  • Bulk Modulus: K = P Δ V / V

Chapter 9: Mechanical Properties of Fluids

Fluids are substances that have the ability to flow. Liquids and gases are examples of fluids. Unlike solids that have a specific shape and volume, fluids do not have a definite shape and take on the shape of the container. The mechanical properties of fluids are the branch of physics that focuses on the characteristics and behaviour of fluid materials. This chapter includes topics like pressure, Pascal's law, streamline flow, Bernoulli's principle, and many more. See below the topics covered in this chapter:

Exercise Topics Covered
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Pressure
9.3 Streamline Flow
9.4 Bernoulli's Principle
9.5 Viscosity
9.6 Surface Tension

Mechanical Properties of Fluids Class 11 Formulas

  • Density: ρ = m V
  • Pressure: P = F A
  • Pascal's Law: P = P 0 + ρ g h
  • Bernoulli's Equation: P + 1 2 ρ v 2 + ρ g h = constant
  • Equation of Continuity: A 1 v 1 = A 2 v 2

Chapter 10: Thermal Properties of Matter

Matter is defined as a substance that possesses both mass and occupies space. Temperature is among the physical properties of matter. The thermal properties of matter are the behaviour of matter under thermal conditions. Thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusivity are thermal properties of matter. This chapter will include topics like temperature, heat and thermal energy. Find below the topics covered in this chapter:

Exercise Topics Covered
10.1 Introduction 
10.2 Temperature and Heat
10.3 Measurement of Temperature
10.4 Ideal-gas Equation and Absolute Temperature
10.5 Thermal Expansion
10.6 Specific Heat Capacity
10.7 Calorimetry
10.8 Change of State
10.9 Heat Transfer
10.10 Newton's Law of Cooling

Class 11 Thermal Properties of Matter Formulas

  • Heat: Q = m c Δ T
  • Heat Capacity: C = m c
  • Specific Heat Capacity: c = Q m Δ T
  • Latent Heat (L)
    • Heat required for a phase change: Q = m L
  • Thermal Conductivity (k)
    • Stefan-Boltzmann Law: P = σ A T 4
    • Newton's Law of Cooling: d T d t = k ( T T env )
    • Heat Transfer Through Conduction: Q = k A Δ T d t
  • Thermal Expansion
    • Linear expansion: Δ L = L 0 α Δ T
    • Area expansion: Δ A = A 0 β Δ T
    • Volume expansion: Δ V = V 0 γ Δ T

Chapter 11: Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics is the science that deals with the principles of heat and temperature and how heat can be converted into other forms of energy. The four laws of thermodynamics regulate the behaviour of these quantities. This chapter includes topics like laws of thermodynamics, Heat engines, Carnot engines etc. These are the topics covered in this chapter:

Exercise Topics Covered
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Thermal Equilibrium
11.3 Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
11.4 Heat, Internal Energy and Work
11.5 First Law of Thermodynamics
11.6 Specific Heat Capacity
11.7 Thermodynamic State Variables and Equation of State
11.8 Thermodynamic Processes
11.9 Second Law of Thermodynamics
11.10 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
11.11 Carnot Engine

Thermodynamics Formulas

  • Gibbs Energy: G = H T S
  • Carnot Cycle Efficiency: η = 1 T C T H
  • First Law of Thermodynamics: Δ U = Q W
  • Work done in isotherml process (ideal gas): W = n R T ln V f V i
  • Work done in adiabatic processes: W = P i V i P f V f γ 1
  • Enthalpy: H = U + P V
  • Efficiency of a heat engine: η = W Q 1 = 1 Q 2 Q 1

Chapter 12: Kinetic Theory

The behaviour of gases can be explained by the kinetic theory, which is based on the idea that gases are comprised of atoms or molecules that move rapidly. This theory is applicable to gases because the inter-atomic forces, which are significant in solids and liquids, can be disregarded in gases. This chapter includes topics like the behaviour of gases, the law of equipartition of energy etc. These are the topics covered in this chapter:

Exercise Topics Covered
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Molecular Nature of Matter
12.3 Behaviour of Gases
12.4 Kinetic Theory of an Ideal Gas
12.5 Law of Equipartition of Energy
12.6 Specific Heat Capacity
12.7 Mean Free Path

Chapter 13: Oscillations

Oscillation is the repeated two-and-forth movement of an object between two positions or states. This type of motion is periodic, meaning it repeats itself in a regular cycle, as exemplified by a sine wave, the back-and-forth swing of a pendulum, or the up-and-down motion of a spring-loaded weight. The oscillation takes place around an equilibrium point or a mean value and is often referred to as periodic motion. A full oscillation is considered to occur when the object completes one cycle of motion, whether it is a side-to-side or up-and-down movement. The chapter includes numerical problems from topics like velocity and acceleration in simple harmonic motion, energy in simple harmonic motion etc. Find below the topics covered in this chapter:

Exercise Topics Covered
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Periodic and Oscillatory Motions
13.3 Simple Harmonic Motion
13.4 Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion
13.5 Velocity and Acceleration in Simple Harmonic Motion
13.6 Force Law for Simple Harmonic Motion
13.7 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion
13.8 The Simple Pendulum

Oscillations Class 11 Formulas

  • Simple Harmoic Motion (SHM)
    • Frequency: f = 1 T
    • Angular Frequency: ω = 2 π f = k m
    • Equation of Motion: x ( t ) = A cos ( ω t + ϕ )
  • Period of SHM
    • Mass spring system: T = 2 π m k
    • Simple Pendulum: T = 2 π L g
    • Velocity in SHM: v ( t ) = A ω sin ( ω t + ϕ )
    • Displacement in SHM: x ( t ) = A cos ( ω t + ϕ )
    • Potential Energy in SHM: U = 1 2 k x 2 = 1 2 m ω 2 x 2
    • Total energy in SHM: E = K + U = 1 2 k A 2 = 1 2 m ω 2 A 2

Chapter 14: Waves

Waves are defined as patterns that propagate without the actual transfer or flow of matter. Waves transport energy, and the pattern of disturbance contains information that propagates from one point to another. Communication systems rely heavily on the transmission of signals through waves. This chapter includes topics like beats, the Doppler effect etc. See below the topics covered in this chapter:

Exercise Topics Covered
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Transverse and Longitudinal Waves
14.3 Displacement Relation in a Progressive Wave
14.4 The Speed of a Travelling Wave
14.5 The Principle of Superposition of Waves
14.6 Reflection of Waves
14.7 Beats

Waves Class 11 Formulas

  • Wave Numbers: k = 2 π λ
  • Waves Equations: y ( x , t ) = A sin ( k x ω t + ϕ )
  • Angular Frequency: ω = 2 π f
  • Speed of Waves: v = f λ = ω k
  • Equation of Standing Waves: y ( x , t ) = 2 A sin ( k x ) cos ( ω t )
  • Wavelength of standing waves on string: λ = 2 L n ( n = 1 , 2 , 3 , )
  • Frequency of standing waves on string: f = n v 2 L ( n = 1 , 2 , 3 , )
  • Speed of sound in medium: v = B ρ
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Class 11 Physics NCERT Solution: Unit-Wise Weightage

Here we have provided the weightage of each topic for theory and practical exam. Also, the weightage based on entrance exam like JEE Main and NEET is provided below.

NCERT Class 11 Physics Theory Weightage

Check the NCERT Class 11 Physics theory paper weightage provided below.

Chapters

Marks

Chapter 1 Physical World

23

 

 

 

 

Chapter 2 Units and Measurements

Chapter 3 Motion in a Straight Line

Chapter 4 Motion in a Plane

Chapter 5 Laws of Motion

Chapter 6 Work, Energy, and Power

17

 

 

Chapter 7 System of Particles and Rotational Motion

Chapter 8 Gravitation

Chapter 9 Mechanical Properties of Solids

20

 

 

 

 

Chapter 10 Mechanical Properties of Fluids

Chapter 11 Thermal Properties of Matter

Chapter 12 Thermodynamics

Chapter 13 Kinetic Theory

Chapter 14 Oscillations

10

 

Chapter 15 Waves

NCERT Class 11 Physics Practical Weighage

Check the Weightage of the Physics Class 11 CBSE Practical exam in the table below

Topic

Marks

Two experiments one from each section

7 Marks for each experiment 

Practical record [experiments and activities]

5 Marks 

One activity from any section

3 Marks 

Investigatory Project

3 Marks 

Viva on experiments, activities and project

5 Marks 

Total

30 marks

Find the tables below to know the weightage of individual chapters of class 11 Physics in JEE Main exam and NEET exam. Students can prepare for these competitive exams accordingly.

Class 11 Physics Topic-Wise Weightage in JEE Main

Chapters

Total Questions

Weightage

Laws of Motion

 2

6.6%

Centre Of Mass

 2

6.6%

Rotational Dynamics

 2

6.6%

Magnetic Effect of Current and Magnetism

 2

6.6%

Alternating Current

 2

6.6%

Kinetic Theory of Gases & Thermodynamics

 2

6.6%

Modern Physics

 2

6.6%

Wave Optics

 2

6.6%

Kinematics

 2

6.6%

Work, Energy, and Power

 2

6.6%

Current Electricity

3

9.9%

Error in Measurement

1

 3.3%

Circular Motion

1

 3.3%

Electromagnetic Waves

1

 3.3%

Semiconductors

1

 3.3%

Electrostatics

1

3.3%

Capacitors 

1

 3.3%

Simple Harmonic Motion

1

 3.3%

Sound Waves

1

 3.3%

Elasticity

1

 3.3%

Class 11 Physics Topic-Wise Weightage in NEET Exam

Chapters

Number of Questions

Weightage 

Surface Tension

Excess Pressure in drops and bubble 

Capillar action

1

1

2%

2%

Circular Motion

Circular Motion in Horizontal plane  

Motion of a vehicle, Centrifugal force & rotation of earth

1

1

2%

2%

Rigid Body Dynamics

Moment of Inertia

1

2%

KTG and Thermodynamics

Law of equipartition and internal energy 

Kinetic Theory of Gases 

2

1

4%

2%

Sound Wave

Organ pipes and resonance

1

2%

Measurement Error

2

4%

Simple Harmonic Motion

Spring Mass System

2

4%

Centre of Mass

Impulse

1

2%

Work Power Energy

Work Energy Theorem

1

2%

Rectilinear Motion

Velocity, Acceleration, Average Acceleration

1

2%

Friction

Static Friction

Kinetic Friction

1

2%

Relative Motion

Relative motion in one dimension 

1

2%

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NCERT Physics Class 11th Solution PDF

NCERT Solutions Physics Class 11th has been prepared based on the latest syllabus prescribed by the CBSE board. The candidates can download the Physics Ncert Class 11 PDF for all chapters. In NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics, students will learn a range of concepts that are crucial from both exam and competitive exam perspectives.

Sr. No.

Physics Class XI Chapters

1

Chapter 1 Physical World

2

Chapter 2 Units and Measurements

3

Chapter 3 Motion in a Straight Line

4

Chapter 4 Motion in a Plane

5

Chapter 5 Laws of Motion

6

Chapter 6 Work, Energy, and Power

7

Chapter 7 System of Particles and Rotational Motion

8

Chapter 8 Gravitation

9

Chapter 9 Mechanical Properties of Solids

10

Chapter 10 Mechanical Properties of Fluids

11

Chapter 11 Thermal Properties of Matter

12

Chapter 12 Thermodynamics

13

Chapter 13 Kinetic Theory

14

Chapter 14 Oscillations

15

Chapter 15 Waves

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